![]() The battle ended with complete destruction of Cimbri. In 102 BC, at Aquae Sextiae, Marius finally defeated Teutones, and in 101 BC, he defeated Cimbri in northern Italy in modern Vercelli. Battle of Aquae Sextiae and Vercellae Map showing Roman versus Cimbri and Teutones In 102 BC, the crowd of barbarian tribes went to Italy, Marius decided to confront them in the decisive battle. Results of military reform were noticed very soon and during 104 BC and 103 BC, these reforms passed into preparation of army. Despite of custom when it comes to electing consuls, Marius was elected in absence as a consul. In 104 BC, Marius was in charge of the battle. The fact that Cimbri decided to attack Spain, saved Roman republic from a complete defeat. ![]() In this battle around 80.000 Roman troops were killed. In 105 BC Romans suffered heavy losses at the Battle of Arausio. ![]() In 113 BC, near Aquileia, Romans were defeated in the battle at Cimbri. Soldiers were loyal to the successful commanders and they were ready to serve them not only in the foreign wars – but in political consequences.Īt the same time, a war with Jugurtha waged in the north against Celtic and Germanic tribes. However, now soldiers were professionals which strived for new campaigns that promised them loot and wealth relations between military leaders and soldiers changed a lot. Soldiers used to aim for the war to end as soon as possible in order to return to the land where they had their own farm. Discipline was significantly strengthened: constantly training was carried out they worked in camps, built roads, erected fortifications, etc. New flags were introduced each legion had its own silver eagle. Weapons and place in the army march was determined by the commanders, and the censors did not have any importance. This achieved greater concentration of control (there were no 30 but only 10 tactical units). Legion was divided into 10 cohorts (500 or 600 people), which were divided in 2 manipules, and manipules were then divided into 2 centuries. After that they would be dismissed from an army and sometimes they would receive a land. Soldiers received a certain salary and full equipment while army service has been established onto 16 years. This was the beginning of changing civil mobilization with voluntary collected army of mercenaries. Gaius Marius was the first that started to accept into an army citizens without censors. For events that happened later not only foreign but also domestic events, Gaius Marius introduced something new. The old system of an army mobilization in Roman Republic has become more and more difficult. Marius military reform and his war activities Gaius Marius bust One part of the Numidian Kingdom went to Bocchus I, and the other part went to Jugurtha’s cousin. Jugurtha went in chains and in royal suit at this procession. In January 1, 104 BC, Marius celebrated the triumph. ![]() Quaestor Lucius Cornelius Sulla, who was in the Marius army, along with Bocchus I, captured Jugurtha in the Numidian camp in 105 BC. Mauritanian king Bocchus I and Jugurtha father-in-Law took the Roman side. Marius inflicted series of defeats to Jugurtha a ruler of Numidia (in North Africa). Gaius Marius had great authority among the soldiers, because he was close to them through mind and character.Knights, plebeans and populares voted for him. He was elected as Praetor and he reigned over Spain. When he married Julia (old patrician genus of Julians) he became part of the aristocracy. In 119 BC, Marius was elected for tribune and that same year he enforced the Law in favour of the plebs. Gaius Marius was brave young man that managed to prove his courage during Numidian war when Scipio Aemilianus noticed him. He was uneducated, and he was in an army from an early age. Gaius Marius was a “novus homo”, he originated from the Latin family near the city Arpinum.
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